Quick Answer

Flushing your water heater removes sediment that accumulates at the bottom of the tank, which can reduce efficiency and lead to premature failure. This routine maintenance involves shutting off the water and power, connecting a hose to the drain valve, and allowing the tank to empty completely, carrying out the sediment.

The Problem

Over time, minerals and sediment from your water supply settle at the bottom of your water heater tank. This buildup stiffens and hardens, creating a barrier between the burner or heating elements and the water. This means your water heater has to work harder and longer to heat the water, leading to higher energy bills, reduced hot water capacity, and a shorter lifespan for the unit. You might notice knocking or rumbling noises coming from the tank, which are often caused by sediment shifting and hot spots forming on the tank's bottom.

Step-by-Step Fix

Safety Note: Always turn off the power supply to your water heater before starting any maintenance. For gas water heaters, turn the gas valve to the 'pilot' or 'off' position. For electric water heaters, shut off the breaker at your electrical panel.

1. Turn Off Power and Water Supply:

   • Gas Water Heaters: Locate the gas control valve on the unit and turn it to the 'pilot' or 'off' position. Wait at least 20-30 minutes for the water to cool enough to avoid scalding.
   • Electric Water Heaters: Go to your home's electrical panel and switch off the circuit breaker that controls the water heater. Turn off the cold water supply valve, typically a blue or silver handle on the pipe entering the top of your water heater.

2. Open a Hot Water Faucet: Open a hot water faucet somewhere in your house (e.g., in a bathtub or sink). This releases pressure in the system and helps the tank drain faster.

3. Connect a Garden Hose: Attach a standard garden hose to the drain valve located at the bottom of your water heater. Extend the other end of the hose to a floor drain, a large bucket, or outside to an area where water can safely drain away from your foundation.

4. Open the Drain Valve: Carefully open the drain valve on your water heater. Be prepared for hot water initially if you didn't allow enough cooling time. Water will begin to flow out of the hose. You might see discolored or cloudy water, which indicates sediment being flushed out.

5. Flush Until Clear: Allow the water heater to drain completely. Once the tank is empty, or nearly empty, you can briefly open the cold water supply valve for a minute or two to